Cartier International SNC, or simply Cartier (/?k??rtie?/; French: [ka?tje]), is a French luxury goods conglomerate which designs, manufactures, distributes, and sells jewellery, leather goods and watches.[2][3][4] Founded by Louis-Fran?ois Cartier (1819?1904) in Paris in 1847, the company remained under family control until 1964.[4] The company maintains its headquarters in Paris, although it is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Swiss Richemont Group.[5][6] Cartier operates more than 200 stores in 125 countries, with three Temples (Historical Maisons) in London, New York, and Paris.[6][7] Cartier is regarded as one of the most prestigious jewellery manufacturers in the world.[4][8][9][10][11][12] As of 2021, the brand appears to be steadily on the rise and Forbes Most Valuable Brand List shows that Cartier has moved up three spaces, from 59th in 2018 to 56th in 2020. With a growth of 14% value over the previous year, a brand value of $12.2 B and revenue of $6.2 B.[13][14] Cartier has a long history of sales to royalty.[15] King Edward VII of Great Britain referred to Cartier as \"the jeweller of kings and the king of jewellers.\"[4][16] For his coronation in 1902, Edward VII ordered 27 tiaras and issued a royal warrant to Cartier in 1904.[4][17] Similar warrants soon followed from the courts of Spain, Portugal, Serbia, Russia and the House of Orl?ans.